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tps54262qpwprq1: specified limits as data (metadata.characteristics, 59 rows from the datasheet)

Ray ·4d2a095f9a ·11d ago ·parent 32f4c5d
2 files changed +782−1
README.md+66
@@ -39,6 +39,72 @@ TPS54262QPWPRQ1 from Texas Instruments, in a HTSSOP-20-EP. Pinout and pin descri | Category | Power Supply Chip | | Pins | 21 | +## Electrical characteristics++Limits as printed in the datasheet (page.json `metadata.characteristics` carries them as data).++| Parameter | Symbol | Min | Typ | Max | Unit | Conditions | Page |+|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|+| Input voltage, EN |  | -0.3 |  | 60 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, VIN |  | -0.3 |  | 60 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, VReg |  | -0.3 |  | 20 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, LPM |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, OV_TH |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, RST_TH |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, SYNC |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, VSENSE |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, BOOT |  | -0.3 |  | 65 | V |  | 4 |+| DC voltage (pin label unclear in text, see review) |  | -0.3 |  | 60 | V |  | 4 |+| PH DC voltage |  | -0.85 |  |  | V | TJ = -40°C | 4 |+| PH DC voltage |  | -0.5 |  |  | V | TJ = 125°C | 4 |+| Output voltage, 30-ns transient pulse |  | -2 |  |  | V | 30-ns transient pulse | 4 |+| Output voltage, 200-ns transient pulse |  | -1 |  |  | V | 200-ns transient pulse | 4 |+| Input voltage, RT |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, RST |  | -0.3 |  | 5.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, Cdly |  | -0.3 |  | 8 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, SS |  | -0.3 |  | 8 | V |  | 4 |+| Input voltage, COMP |  | -0.3 |  | 7 | V |  | 4 |+| Operating virtual junction temperature | TJ | -40 |  | 150 | °C |  | 4 |+| Storage temperature | Tstg | -55 |  | 165 | °C |  | 4 |+| Unregulated buck supply input voltage (VIN, EN) | VI | 3.6 |  | 48 | V |  | 4 |+| Regulated output VReg | VReg | 0.9 |  | 18 | V | In continuous conduction mode (CCM) | 4 |+| Regulated output VReg | VReg | 0.9 |  | 5.5 | V | Power up in low-power mode (LPM) or discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) | 4 |+| Bootstrap capacitor (BOOT) |  | 3.6 |  | 56 | V |  | 4 |+| Switched outputs (PH) |  | 3.6 |  | 48 | V |  | 4 |+| Logic levels (RST, VSENSE, OV_TH, RST_TH, Rslew, SYNC, RT) |  | 0 |  | 5.25 | V |  | 4 |+| Logic levels (SS, Cdly, COMP) |  | 0 |  | 6.5 | V |  | 4 |+| Operating ambient temperature | TA | -40 |  | 125 | °C |  | 4 |+| VIN supply, normal mode after initial start-up | VIN | 3.6 |  | 48 | V |  | 6 |+| High voltage threshold (VIN) |  | 29 | 31 | 34 | V | LPM disabled | 6 |+| Quiescent current, normal mode | Iq-Normal |  | 5 | 10 | mA | Open loop test – maximum duty cycle, VIN = 7 V to 48 V | 6 |+| Quiescent current, low-power mode | Iq-LPM |  | 50 | 70 | µA | Load < 1 mA, VIN = 12 V, TA = 25°C | 6 |+| Quiescent current, low-power mode | Iq-LPM |  |  | 75 | µA | Load < 1 mA, VIN = 12 V, –40 < TJ < 150°C | 6 |+| Shutdown current | ISD |  | 1 | 4 | µA | EN = 0 V, device is off, TA = 25°C, VIN = 12 V | 6 |+| Regulator output | VReg | 0.9 |  | 18 | V | VSENSE = 0.8 Vref | 6 |+| Feedback voltage | VSENSE | 0.788 | 0.8 | 0.812 | V | VReg = 0.9 V to 18 V (open loop) | 6 |+| Switch current limit, cycle by cycle | ICL | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.1 | A | VIN = 12 V | 6 |+| Duty cycle pulse width (minimum on-time) | tON-Min | 50 | 100 | 150 | ns | Bench CHAR only | 6 |+| Minimum off-time | tOFF-Min | 100 | 200 | 250 | ns | Bench CHAR only | 6 |+| Switching frequency | fsw | 0.2 |  | 2.2 | MHz | Set using external resistor on RT pin | 6 |+| Internal oscillator frequency tolerance | fsw | -10 |  | 10 | % |  | 6 |+| Internal reference voltage tolerance | tolVref | -1.5 |  | 1.5 | % |  | 12 |+| Soft-start source current | ISS | 40 | 50 | 60 | µA |  | 7 |+| Leakage current into EN terminal | Ilkg |  | 100 | 135 | µA | EN = 60 V | 7 |+| External capacitor charge current (Cdly) | IO | 1.4 | 2 | 2.6 | µA | EN = high | 7 |+| Leakage current into LPM terminal | Ilkg |  | 65 | 95 | µA | LPM = 5 V | 7 |+| POR delay timer | trdly |  | 3.6 | 7 | ms/nF | Based on Cdly capacitor | 7 |+| Reset threshold voltage for VReg | VReg_RST | 0.768 |  | 0.832 | V | Check RST output | 7 |+| Filter time, delay before RST asserted low | tnRSTdly | 10 | 20 | 35 | µs |  | 7 |+| Overvoltage threshold voltage for VReg | VReg_OV | 0.768 |  | 0.832 | V | Internal switch is turned off during overvoltage | 7 |+| Leakage current SYNC | Ilkg |  | 65 | 95 | µA | SYNC = 5 V | 7 |+| External input clock frequency (SYNC) | fext | 180 |  | 2200 | kHz | VIN = 12 V, VReg = 5 V | 7 |+| Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance | RθJA |  | 36.2 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+| Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance | RθJC(top) |  | 20.9 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+| Junction-to-board thermal resistance | RθJB |  | 17.9 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+| Junction-to-top characterization parameter | ψJT |  | 0.5 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+| Junction-to-board characterization parameter | ψJB |  | 17.7 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+| Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance | RθJC(bot) |  | 1.4 |  | °C/W |  | 5 |+ ## CAD (KiCad official)  - Symbol: `TPS54262QPWPRQ1`
page.json+716−1
@@ -259,6 +259,721 @@       "Package": "HTSSOP-20-EP",       "Category": "Power Supply Chip",       "Pins": "21"+    },+    "characteristics": {+      "version": 1,+      "source": "datasheet",+      "datasheet_sha256": "b8063859464ccfa2",+      "rows": [+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, EN",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 60,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, VIN",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 60,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, VReg",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 20,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, LPM",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, OV_TH",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, RST_TH",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, SYNC",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, VSENSE",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, BOOT",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 65,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "DC voltage (pin label unclear in text, see review)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 60,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "PH DC voltage",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.85,+          "typ": null,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "TJ = -40°C",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "PH DC voltage",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.5,+          "typ": null,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "TJ = 125°C",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Output voltage, 30-ns transient pulse",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -2,+          "typ": null,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "30-ns transient pulse",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Output voltage, 200-ns transient pulse",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -1,+          "typ": null,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "200-ns transient pulse",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, RT",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, RST",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, Cdly",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 8,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, SS",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 8,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Input voltage, COMP",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": -0.3,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 7,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Operating virtual junction temperature",+          "symbol": "TJ",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "°C",+          "min": -40,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 150,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Storage temperature",+          "symbol": "Tstg",+          "kind": "absolute_maximum",+          "unit": "°C",+          "min": -55,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 165,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Unregulated buck supply input voltage (VIN, EN)",+          "symbol": "VI",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 3.6,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 48,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Regulated output VReg",+          "symbol": "VReg",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.9,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 18,+          "conditions": "In continuous conduction mode (CCM)",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Regulated output VReg",+          "symbol": "VReg",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.9,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.5,+          "conditions": "Power up in low-power mode (LPM) or discontinuous conduction mode (DCM)",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Bootstrap capacitor (BOOT)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 3.6,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 56,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Switched outputs (PH)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 3.6,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 48,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Logic levels (RST, VSENSE, OV_TH, RST_TH, Rslew, SYNC, RT)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 5.25,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Logic levels (SS, Cdly, COMP)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 6.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Operating ambient temperature",+          "symbol": "TA",+          "kind": "recommended_operating",+          "unit": "°C",+          "min": -40,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 125,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 4,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "VIN supply, normal mode after initial start-up",+          "symbol": "VIN",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 3.6,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 48,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "High voltage threshold (VIN)",+          "symbol": "",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 29,+          "typ": 31,+          "max": 34,+          "conditions": "LPM disabled",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Quiescent current, normal mode",+          "symbol": "Iq-Normal",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "mA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 5,+          "max": 10,+          "conditions": "Open loop test – maximum duty cycle, VIN = 7 V to 48 V",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Quiescent current, low-power mode",+          "symbol": "Iq-LPM",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 50,+          "max": 70,+          "conditions": "Load < 1 mA, VIN = 12 V, TA = 25°C",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Quiescent current, low-power mode",+          "symbol": "Iq-LPM",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 75,+          "conditions": "Load < 1 mA, VIN = 12 V, –40 < TJ < 150°C",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Shutdown current",+          "symbol": "ISD",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 1,+          "max": 4,+          "conditions": "EN = 0 V, device is off, TA = 25°C, VIN = 12 V",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Regulator output",+          "symbol": "VReg",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.9,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 18,+          "conditions": "VSENSE = 0.8 Vref",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Feedback voltage",+          "symbol": "VSENSE",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.788,+          "typ": 0.8,+          "max": 0.812,+          "conditions": "VReg = 0.9 V to 18 V (open loop)",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Switch current limit, cycle by cycle",+          "symbol": "ICL",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "A",+          "min": 2.5,+          "typ": 3.2,+          "max": 4.1,+          "conditions": "VIN = 12 V",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Duty cycle pulse width (minimum on-time)",+          "symbol": "tON-Min",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "ns",+          "min": 50,+          "typ": 100,+          "max": 150,+          "conditions": "Bench CHAR only",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Minimum off-time",+          "symbol": "tOFF-Min",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "ns",+          "min": 100,+          "typ": 200,+          "max": 250,+          "conditions": "Bench CHAR only",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Switching frequency",+          "symbol": "fsw",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "MHz",+          "min": 0.2,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 2.2,+          "conditions": "Set using external resistor on RT pin",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Internal oscillator frequency tolerance",+          "symbol": "fsw",+          "kind": "tolerance",+          "unit": "%",+          "min": -10,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 10,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 6,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Internal reference voltage tolerance",+          "symbol": "tolVref",+          "kind": "tolerance",+          "unit": "%",+          "min": -1.5,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 1.5,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 12,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Soft-start source current",+          "symbol": "ISS",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": 40,+          "typ": 50,+          "max": 60,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Leakage current into EN terminal",+          "symbol": "Ilkg",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 100,+          "max": 135,+          "conditions": "EN = 60 V",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "External capacitor charge current (Cdly)",+          "symbol": "IO",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": 1.4,+          "typ": 2,+          "max": 2.6,+          "conditions": "EN = high",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Leakage current into LPM terminal",+          "symbol": "Ilkg",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 65,+          "max": 95,+          "conditions": "LPM = 5 V",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "POR delay timer",+          "symbol": "trdly",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "ms/nF",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 3.6,+          "max": 7,+          "conditions": "Based on Cdly capacitor",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Reset threshold voltage for VReg",+          "symbol": "VReg_RST",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.768,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 0.832,+          "conditions": "Check RST output",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Filter time, delay before RST asserted low",+          "symbol": "tnRSTdly",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µs",+          "min": 10,+          "typ": 20,+          "max": 35,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Overvoltage threshold voltage for VReg",+          "symbol": "VReg_OV",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "V",+          "min": 0.768,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 0.832,+          "conditions": "Internal switch is turned off during overvoltage",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Leakage current SYNC",+          "symbol": "Ilkg",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "µA",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 65,+          "max": 95,+          "conditions": "SYNC = 5 V",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "External input clock frequency (SYNC)",+          "symbol": "fext",+          "kind": "electrical",+          "unit": "kHz",+          "min": 180,+          "typ": null,+          "max": 2200,+          "conditions": "VIN = 12 V, VReg = 5 V",+          "source_page": 7,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance",+          "symbol": "RθJA",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 36.2,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance",+          "symbol": "RθJC(top)",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 20.9,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-board thermal resistance",+          "symbol": "RθJB",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 17.9,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-top characterization parameter",+          "symbol": "ψJT",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 0.5,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-board characterization parameter",+          "symbol": "ψJB",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 17.7,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        },+        {+          "name": "Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance",+          "symbol": "RθJC(bot)",+          "kind": "thermal",+          "unit": "°C/W",+          "min": null,+          "typ": 1.4,+          "max": null,+          "conditions": "",+          "source_page": 5,+          "source": "datasheet"+        }+      ]     }   },   "variants": [],@@ -300,4 +1015,4 @@   "visibility": {     "public": true   }-}\ No newline at end of file+}