component
MAX232
Public Made by Adomby adom
TI dual RS-232 driver/receiver, SOIC-16. Charge-pump generates +/- line levels from single 5 V. Datasheet-verified.
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{
"schema_version": 1,
"type": "component",
"slug": "max232",
"title": "MAX232",
"brief": "TI dual RS-232 driver/receiver, SOIC-16. Charge-pump generates +/- line levels from single 5 V. Datasheet-verified.",
"version": "0.1.2",
"license": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
"tags": [
"component",
"interface",
"rs-232",
"transceiver",
"soic-16",
"texas-instruments"
],
"component": {
"mpn": "MAX232",
"manufacturer": "Texas Instruments",
"package": "SOIC-16",
"pin_count": 16,
"category": "Interface IC",
"subcategory": "RS-232 transceiver",
"datasheet": "https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/max232.pdf",
"parts": {
"symbol": "max232.kicad_sym",
"footprint": "max232.kicad_mod",
"model_3d": "max232-etched.glb",
"model_3d_plain": "max232.glb",
"lbr": "max232.lbr",
"model_3d_step": "max232-etched.step",
"model_3d_step_plain": "max232.step"
},
"distributor_links": {},
"pins": [
{
"number": "1",
"name": "C1+",
"type": "passive",
"description": "Positive lead of the C1 charge-pump flying capacitor (typ. 1µF). Connect to C1- (pin 3) through the external capacitor. Part of the voltage-doubler stage that generates VS+."
},
{
"number": "2",
"name": "VS+",
"type": "power_out",
"description": "Positive charge-pump output for the reservoir storage capacitor only. Nominally +8 to +10 V above GND, sourced through the C1 doubler. Bypass to GND with a 1µF capacitor; do not use as an external supply rail."
},
{
"number": "3",
"name": "C1-",
"type": "passive",
"description": "Negative lead of the C1 charge-pump flying capacitor (typ. 1µF). Pairs with C1+ (pin 1) via the external capacitor to form the +5V→+10V doubler."
},
{
"number": "4",
"name": "C2+",
"type": "passive",
"description": "Positive lead of the C2 charge-pump flying capacitor (typ. 1µF). Connect to C2- (pin 5) through the external capacitor. Part of the inverter stage that generates VS−."
},
{
"number": "5",
"name": "C2-",
"type": "passive",
"description": "Negative lead of the C2 charge-pump flying capacitor (typ. 1µF). Pairs with C2+ (pin 4) via the external capacitor to form the +10V→−10V inverter."
},
{
"number": "6",
"name": "VS-",
"type": "power_out",
"description": "Negative charge-pump output for the reservoir storage capacitor only. Nominally −8 to −10 V below GND, generated by the C2 inverter stage. Bypass to GND with a 1µF capacitor; do not use as an external supply rail."
},
{
"number": "7",
"name": "T2OUT",
"type": "output",
"description": "Driver-2 RS-232 line output to the remote RS-232 system. Swings between VS− and VS+ (typ. ±7V into a 3kΩ load), meeting TIA/EIA-232-F line levels. Short-circuit protected."
},
{
"number": "8",
"name": "R2IN",
"type": "input",
"description": "Receiver-2 RS-232 line input from the remote RS-232 system. Accepts ±30V, typical input resistance 5 kΩ (3–7 kΩ), switching thresholds 1.2V (typ.) with 0.5V hysteresis."
},
{
"number": "9",
"name": "R2OUT",
"type": "output",
"description": "Receiver-2 logic (TTL/CMOS) output to the local UART. VOH ≥ 3.5V at IOH = −1 mA; VOL ≤ 0.4V at IOL = 3.2 mA."
},
{
"number": "10",
"name": "T2IN",
"type": "input",
"description": "Driver-2 logic (TTL/CMOS) data input from the local UART. VIH ≥ 2V, VIL ≤ 0.8V referenced to VCC = 5V."
},
{
"number": "11",
"name": "T1IN",
"type": "input",
"description": "Driver-1 logic (TTL/CMOS) data input from the local UART. VIH ≥ 2V, VIL ≤ 0.8V referenced to VCC = 5V."
},
{
"number": "12",
"name": "R1OUT",
"type": "output",
"description": "Receiver-1 logic (TTL/CMOS) output to the local UART. VOH ≥ 3.5V at IOH = −1 mA; VOL ≤ 0.4V at IOL = 3.2 mA."
},
{
"number": "13",
"name": "R1IN",
"type": "input",
"description": "Receiver-1 RS-232 line input from the remote RS-232 system. Accepts ±30V, typical input resistance 5 kΩ (3–7 kΩ), switching thresholds 1.2V (typ.) with 0.5V hysteresis."
},
{
"number": "14",
"name": "T1OUT",
"type": "output",
"description": "Driver-1 RS-232 line output to the remote RS-232 system. Swings between VS− and VS+ (typ. ±7V into a 3kΩ load), meeting TIA/EIA-232-F line levels. Short-circuit protected."
},
{
"number": "15",
"name": "GND",
"type": "power_in",
"description": "Device ground / 0V reference for all supply rails and signal levels."
},
{
"number": "16",
"name": "VCC",
"type": "power_in",
"description": "Positive supply voltage. Recommended 4.5–5.5V (nom. 5V); absolute max 6V. Typical supply current ICC = 8 mA with all outputs open. Decouple to GND close to the pin."
}
],
"provenance": {
"extractor": "ds2sf",
"datasheet": {
"url": "https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/max232.pdf",
"pages": 27,
"sha256": "47d45fefa0db5981",
"source_tier": "mfr"
},
"cad": "KiCad official (CC-BY-SA 4.0)",
"pins": {
"total": 16,
"described": 16,
"cites_pages": true,
"refuses_to_fabricate": true
}
},
"viewers": {
"symbol": "viewers/symbol.html",
"footprint": "viewers/footprint.html"
},
"models_3d": [
{
"file": "max232.step",
"role": "plain",
"up": "Z",
"units": "mm",
"origin": "footprint origin = pad-pattern centre",
"seat": "z = 0",
"extents_mm": [
6,
9.9,
1.75
],
"zmin_mm": 0,
"centre_offset_mm": 0,
"footprint_binding": "identity",
"sha256": "d5eeddb4c0b304dc61950919b126fc61d7586abd5f16ab71a2a79759ec6498bf",
"checked": "2026-11-10",
"checked_by": "factory/step_pose.py (Z-up, origin, seat, binding)"
},
{
"file": "max232-etched.step",
"role": "plain",
"up": "Z",
"units": "mm",
"origin": "footprint origin = pad-pattern centre",
"seat": "z = 0",
"extents_mm": [
6,
9.9,
1.78
],
"zmin_mm": 0,
"centre_offset_mm": 0,
"footprint_binding": "identity",
"sha256": "61fbc77a25023f4434c1dfc462817c4b2f7bea491d8a3ed28ea9edb3f1484beb",
"checked": "2026-11-10",
"checked_by": "factory/step_pose.py (Z-up, origin, seat, binding)"
}
]
},
"metadata": {
"specs": {
"Type": "Dual RS-232 driver/receiver",
"Supply voltage": "5 V (single)",
"Line levels": "Bipolar ± via charge pump",
"Channels": "2 drivers + 2 receivers",
"External caps": "4 (1 µF; 0.1 µF for MAX232A)",
"Standard": "TIA/EIA-232-F",
"Package": "SOIC-16",
"Body (L×W×H)": "9.9 × 3.9 × 1.75 mm"
}
},
"sections": [
"hero",
"viewers",
"readme",
"breadcrumbs",
"info"
],
"discovery_triggers": [
"max232",
"rs-232 transceiver",
"serial level converter",
"ttl to rs232"
],
"discovery_pitch": "MAX232 dual RS-232 driver/receiver (SOIC-16) with datasheet-verified pinout, KiCad symbol/footprint/3D, and full provenance.",
"author": {
"name": "Ray"
},
"dependencies": {},
"hero": {
"type": "image",
"path": "docs/hero.png"
},
"files": [
"page.json",
"README.md",
"max232.kicad_sym",
"max232.kicad_mod",
"max232.glb",
"docs/hero.png",
"docs/max232-datasheet.pdf",
"viewers/symbol.html",
"viewers/footprint.html",
"max232-etched.glb",
"max232.lbr",
"max232-etched.step",
"max232.step"
],
"variants": [
{
"mpn": "MAX232D (SOIC-16, tube)",
"kind": "packaging"
},
{
"mpn": "MAX232DR (SOIC-16, tape & reel)",
"kind": "packaging"
}
],
"description": "TI dual RS-232 driver/receiver, SOIC-16. Charge-pump generates +/- line levels from single 5 V. Datasheet-verified.",
"org": "adom"
}